Saturday, January 27, 2018

Sabbaths: The Difference One Word Can Make

FRIDAY-SATURDAY:
As we begin the final phase of our Bible Study preparation for this week’s sermon, I want to discuss a few points made throughout the week.

Looking at other Translations (Not Paraphrases)
First, it is a good practice to always read the given Scripture text, and the text around the text, from various translations not paraphrases. A translation is a legitimate attempt to convey the “precise” meaning of the text. And, as I implied earlier in the week, there are very literal translations (which I prefer) versus translations that attempt to be “thought-perfect.” The latter being valuable, but I don’t depend on them.

A paraphrase is a VERY, VERY loose retelling of the story and not meant for accuracy but for readability. Also, as I mentioned earlier in the week, the further you get away from a literal translation the more chances of bias being translated into the Scripture. Don’t not misunderstand, ALL TRANSLATIONS HAVE VALUE AND SOME INTERPRETIVE BIAS! I just view them as different tools in my Bible Toolbox that someone(s) have created. An example of a very literal translation is Young’s Literal Translation (YLT). I almost never prepare a sermon without double checking YLT. In any event, an example of a “thought-perfect” (versus word-perfect) translation is the New International Version (NIV). An example of a paraphrase is the Living Bible (LB). However, I would not use a paraphrase for example, if I am defending or examining a doctrinal point. A paraphrase is useful as “fun” reading if you are aware that the further you get away from a “literal” version, the chances increase for a more liberal or conservative bias (opinion) to sneak into the translating process. Therefore, I try to read as many translations as time permits throughout the week for a given passage. Which brings us to a promise I made…

SABBATHS
If I had not read other ENGLISH translations I may not have noticed the word “sabbath” being translated as “sabbaths” in one or more of the more literal translations. Remember, even literal translations will make compromises to convey an idea with less confusion. Some of the literal translations have chosen to keep ‘sabbath’ singular.’ However, HERE IS THE REALLY COOL PART! Let’s take a look…

New International Version (NIV)
Young’s Literal Translation (YLT)
21 They went to Capernaum, and when the Sabbath came, Jesus went into the synagogue and began to teach.
21 And they go on to Capernaum, and immediately, on the sabbaths, having gone into the synagogue, he was teaching,

Neither translation is particularly wrong, but this discrepancy bothered me. I asked myself, “Is sabbath meant to be plural? And, if so, why?” These are the types of what I call “Bible Study Rabbit Trails” that can be fascinating. Sometimes with a “rabbit’ (idea) being caught, and sometimes the rabbit gets away (meaning-idea is not there, or there is not enough information, scholarship, or time in the week to solve the problem, etc.). Just in the comparison of these two translation I am, at the writing of this blog seeing a lot more rabbit trails to follow… but I don’t have time.

TEACHING POINT: Okay, okay… I can hear ‘ya screaming for more! So, maybe just a quick chase. Notice the NIV does not include the word “immediately.” It is in the Greek text. And, it is actually a key word to understanding ALL OF MARK! As in indicated, the Gospel of Mark is like a Bruce Willis’ “Diehard” movie (btw: Pastor Jim loves these movies!) In any event, in Mark, like “Diehard,” the action never stops! To leave out the word “immediately,” which occurs over 40 times in this Gospel, changes how to understand Mark. Now let’s get back to work…

Here is what I found. Most scholars believe there is a gap of time between the verses dealing with Jesus’ calling the disciples and His entry into the Capernaum synagogue. Let’s look…

Spawning Season for Fish (Apr-Aug)
The Main Fishing Season Starts at the End of August
GAP
Jewish New Year & National Day of Atonement in Sep
20 and immediately he called them, and, having left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired servants, they went away after him.
21 And they go on to Capernaum, and immediately, on the sabbaths, having gone into the synagogue, he was teaching,

There must be some ‘gap’ of time because you CANNOT WORK ON THE SABBATH! Notice, in my study of ‘fishing’ I came to discover the fish spawning season is from April to August. And, even though some fishing took place for daily livelihood year-round, you don’t want to disturb the fish when they are reproducing. Even fish are shy! Fisherman would use nets with larger holes, so the smaller fish could escape. The holes in the nets may get smaller as the main fishing season wore on, IF the market demanded more fish. Just like today, the fishing industry is managed. In 2010, Israel shut down fishing in the Seal of Galilee for two years. However, it was not strictly enforced. The government then adjusted the shutdown to the spawning season until the lake recovers and has a sustainable fish population. Why is this important? Because when you study the Bible EVERYTHING IS IMPORTANT! You must become an anthropologist and realize that understanding the daily life, will help you to understand the Bible. When I researched “fishing” in Lake Galilee I discovered this information about the spawning season. Bible understanding is an attempt to put 2 and 2 together! It may equal 2.5 (demonstrating some uncertainty), but that is closer than when you started!

TEACHING POINT: Therefore, the disciples left their family fishing business at the BEGINNING of the MAIN fishing season to follow Jesus. I wish I could have heard the conversation with father Zebedee! “What! @#$%&” Zebedee must have said, “You are going to leave me with all this work, to go follow some hippie?” Some things don’t change in any generation, do they? This gives us a sense of the sacrifice the disciples AND THEIR FAMILIES were making! How, better we understand this passage from Mark 10:28-31…

28 Peter began to say to him, “Look, we have left everything and followed you.” 29 Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or fields, for my sake and for the sake of the good news,[f] 30 who will not receive a hundredfold now in this age—houses, brothers and sisters, mothers and children, and fields, with persecutions—and in the age to come eternal life. 31 But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first.”

I am still stuck with a question. I am sure the disciples, being part of the working class, had to realize just how ‘dumb’ this decision might be. Leave their families? Leave dad who is getting older to take on a very tough life by himself? You know Pastor Jim, I would have been “speaking in tongues” at my children, and I don’t mean the good kind of speaking! In any event, this decision was not easy! However, I think ZEBEDEE and corresponding family members bought into the idea. Why? For the same reason people were lining up at the Jordan River bank to be baptized. THEY WERE PREPARING FOR ROSH HASHANA (Jewish New Year) AND YOM KIPPUR (National Day of Atonement (see Leviticus 23)! These days can occur during the middle of the week! For example, in 2018 Rosh Hashana is Monday-Tuesday, September 10-11 and Yom Kippur on Wednesday, September 19th. I believe Mark is conflating these High Holy Days with the regular Sabbaths on the given Friday-Saturdays.

Let me set the context. There had been 400 years of silence. God seemed to stop speaking. Then, out of nowhere comes this ‘other’ hippie named “John the Baptist.” John’s one mission was to prepare the way of the Lord. It was customary during this time of New Year and Atonement to repent. To think about your eternal destiny. It was at this time, repentance assured your name was written in,,, guess what? THE BOOK OF LIFE! It was a time to make sure that ALL YOUR SINS were forgiven! Therefore, John’s mission fell with perfect timing with Jesus’ arrival and entry into the synagogue at Capernaum. A synagogue which, “more than likely” was paid for by the Roman Centurion (see Matthew 8:5-13; Luke 7:1-10). And, listen to this! A synagogue THAT EVEN JESUS MAY HAVE HELPED TO CONSTRUCT years earlier!

Therefore, the term “sabbaths” is indeed plural because the National Day of Atonement was and is often called, among others, a High Sabbath (High Holy Day). I would argue, and Pastor Jim could be wrong, that the plural of “sabbath” lends itself to our understanding of why:
·       So many people wanted to repent!
·       Fisherman would leave their parents business!
·       The plural of sabbath is used!
·       And, for the WHAT… determining the time of year in which this story takes place.

TEACHING POINT: As a side note, it is interesting that Mark does not include the story of the faithful centurion. It is only found in Matthew and Luke. This is especially odd, since this Gospel was written by Mark in Rome TO THE ROMANS! However, this might explain Mark’s conflating these Jewish festivals with the regular sabbath by using the plural, “sabbaths.” It would have been confusing to his Gentile audience to go into detail regarding Jewish festivals. The Jewish audience would understand. And, it is consistent with Mark’s fast-paced, “highlights only” writing style.

I hope you can see why “rabbit trails” are important. The Holy Spirit can stop your reading and make your brain say, “What about this?” or “Why is that said… that way?” or “Why that word, or story?” Therefore, Bible study is like taking water out of a barrel that never runs dry. Each time we come to the Scriptures God may have something special for us… for that time and moment in our lives!

So where do we go from here? Remember, the ‘storytelling’ part of our preparation earlier in the week. I have a bunch of folks who want me to tell this story of Jesus tomorrow morning (Sunday). I am sure they are on the edge of their seats in anticipation! Therefore, I go back to the “storytelling phase,” and I correct, edit and add what I have learned in preparation for tomorrow’s sermon. Even stuff I haven’t shared with y’all yet!


See you on Sunday at 9:30am!

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